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Late Preterm and Early Term Infants PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical PowerPoint presentation titled "LATE PRETERM AND EARLY TERM INFANTS” by Hugo A. Navarro, MD.

This medical PowerPoint presentation is about late preterm and early term infants. Late preterm infants are babies born between 34 and 36 weeks of gestation, while early term infants are babies born between 37 and 38 weeks of gestation. These infants are considered to be born before full term, which is typically around 39 to 40 weeks of gestation.

Late preterm and early term infants may have some health risks and developmental challenges compared to full-term infants. These infants may have difficulty with breastfeeding, as they may have weaker sucking reflexes and difficulty coordinating their suck-swallow-breathe pattern. They may also have a higher risk of jaundice and other complications related to immature organ function.

In addition, late preterm and early term infants may be at a higher risk of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), which is a condition where the babys lungs are not fully developed, making it difficult for them to breathe on their own. They may also be at a higher risk of infections due to their immature immune systems.

Its important to note that not all late preterm and early term infants will experience these complications, and many will go on to develop normally. However, close monitoring and supportive care are often necessary to ensure their health and development. Parents of late preterm and early term infants should work closely with their healthcare provider to ensure that their baby is receiving the appropriate care and monitoring to support their growth and development.

Tags : late preterm infants, early term infants, Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine PowerPoint presentation

Published on : Jun 07, 2023 | Views : 985 | Downloads : 1

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LATE PRETERM AND EARLY TERM INFANTS Hugo A. Navarro, M.D. Medical Director SCN Alamance Regional Medical Center Assistant Professor DUMC
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Goals Increase awareness of vulnerability in late preterm and early term infants Definition and incidence Discuss physiologic limitations Morbidity and Mortality Questions
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Incidence of early term birth Births of infants > 40 weeks gestation has declined, whereas the early term infants has increased Approximately 700,000 births/year in USA (17.5% of live births) occur 37 0/7-38 6/7 weeks of gestation
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Why? Is multifactorial: Increased surveillance and medical interventions Inaccurate gestational age estimates Presumption of fetal maturity at 34 weeks’ gestation Changes in maternal demographics and health
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Why? Increased rates of elective cesarean sections and inductions of labor Maternal and physician concerns about complications of vaginal delivery and subtle changes in medical thresholds for cesarean birth Willingness of mothers to incur risk on behalf of their child
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Preterm ≠ LPT ≠ ET ≠ Term The ↑ ⁭in LPT and ET, raises the risk for physiologically immature infants ⁭ ↑risk for medical complications that result in higher morbidity and mortality during birth hospitalization ⁭ ↑admissions to NICU and duration of hospital stay, disrupting the infant-family bonding ⁭ ↑ rates of readmission during the neonatal period ⁭⁭ ↑long-term complications
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Most common problems/treatments in descending order Feeding problems Respiratory distress Evaluation for sepsis Intravenous fluids Jaundice Hypoglycemia Temperature instability Apnea Mechanical ventilation
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POOR FEEDER Lower the GA worst the feeding skills Dehydration Hypoglycemia Hyperthermia Hyperbilirubinemia IV fluids Antibiotics Phototherapy ADMISSION
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Summary LPT and ET infants are at greater risk than term infants for acute and long-term complications of premature birth The rates of LPT and ET births are increasing Causes for the increase in rates of LPT and ET infants are unclear The route and timing of delivery of LPT and ET NB infants have important implications for short-term and long-term neonatal outcomes
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Summary The risks and benefits for planned induction of labor, or elective cesarean section for mother and infant should be carefully considered by mothers, families, and physicians when determining the optimal timing and route of delivery Our understanding of the maternal, fetal, neonatal, and long-term outcomes and causes of LPT and ET births is incomplete
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Summary Research is needed to increase our understanding of maternal and infant outcomes of infants born at 34 to 38 weeks’ gestation, to determine the efficacy and safety of strategies to optimize these outcomes, and to develop interventions that effect physiologic maturation of the fetus when premature delivery is necessary or elective