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Epigenetics PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical titled "Epigenetics” by Matt Jarvis.

This medical is about epigenetics, the study of heritable changes in gene expression that occur without changes to the underlying DNA sequence. It is the study of how genes can be turned on or off, or expressed at different levels, in response to environmental and other external factors.

Epigenetic modifications are chemical changes that occur to the DNA molecule itself or to the proteins with which DNA interacts, and they can be passed down from one generation to the next. Some of the most well-known epigenetic modifications include DNA methylation, histone modification, and RNA-associated silencing.

Epigenetic changes can occur in response to a variety of factors, including diet, stress, toxins, and even social interactions. These changes can have significant impacts on an individuals health and well-being, and they may be involved in the development of many diseases, including cancer, heart disease, and neurological disorders.

The study of epigenetics has opened up new avenues for understanding how our genes interact with the environment and how we can modify these interactions to promote better health outcomes. It has also led to the development of new therapies that target epigenetic modifications to treat a variety of diseases.

Tags : Epigenetics, gene expression, DNA sequence, genes, DNA molecule, Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics

Published on : Jun 01, 2023 | Views : 1304 | Downloads : 0

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Slide 3-

What are epigenetics? Hodder & Stoughton © 2019 A modern definition of epigenetics involves the idea that, while genes are inherited, they only influence individual development if they are expressed. Gene expression depends on a range of factors including those in the environment Genes instruct cells how to function Epigenetic influences affect how and when cells read the genes
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How this works on a chemical level Hodder & Stoughton © 2019 DNA strands have tails. Whether the genetic material on this strand can be read is affected by two main factors acting on this tail. Methylation Adding a methyl group prevents the genes being read and effectively ‘turns off’ the genes. Acetylation Adding an acetyl group makes a DNA strand accessible and effectively turns it on.
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The epigenetics of intelligence Hodder & Stoughton © 2019 We have a good idea about one epigenetic influence on IQ Remember that intelligence is a complex issue. Epigenetic influence is just one part of a very complicated puzzle.
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Transgenerational epigenetics Hodder & Stoughton © 2019 The idea that epigenetic changes can be transmitted from one generation to the next is controversial. There is clear evidence that transgenerational epigenetic change occurs in plans and insects. There is, however, no direct evidence in humans. Nevertheless, it is consistent with human findings, such as a reduction in IQ of the grandchildren of famine survivors.
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Conclusions Epigenetics is the study of the ways in which genes and environment interact. This is a significant step forward from the traditional nature–nurture debate. We understand something of the mechanisms by which genes are ‘switched on and off’ by environmental factors. There is evidence that some human characteristics, such as intelligence, are affected by epigenetic mechanisms. There is some limited evidence to suggest that epigenetic change can be transmitted to future generations. Hodder & Stoughton © 2019