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Diagnostic Imaging Considerations for Wildlife PowerPoint Presentation

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Published on : Aug 02, 2021 | Views : 1568 | Downloads : 0

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Slide 1-

Diagnostic Imaging Considerations for Wildlife Mark A. Mitchell DVM, MS, PhD University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine
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Diagnostic imaging Non-invasive Radiography Ultrasonography Advanced imaging (CT, MRI) Semi-invasive/Invasive Endoscopy
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Introduction Diagnostic imaging Underutilized Thorough diagnostic work-up Getting started: learn anatomy restraint and anesthesia positioning techniques Practice, practice, pratice
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Radiographic Equipment Machine should be capable of: short exposure time: 1/60 or faster high mA- capacity (>300): better detail KvP range: 40-100 bone less radiopaque than mammals 2 kVp incremental change
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Radiographic equipment Dental radiographs
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Radiographic equipment Digital radiography
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Radiographic Equipment Film and screens High-detail, rare-earth Kodak Ektascan EM-1 gray film single emulsion slow speed more detail Kodak T-Mat TML black film double emulsion fast speed less detail use appropriate size
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Restraint and Immobilization Manual vs. Chemical Restraint Manual restraint physical restraint increases stress restraint devices tubes “blinders”
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Chemical restraint
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Positioning-Birds and Mammals Standard Dorsoventral or Ventrodorsal Lateral
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Positioning-Reptiles Chelonians dorsoventral tortoise in prone position measure thickest point between carapace and plastron
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Positioning-Reptiles Chelonians Lateral Horizontal beam place tortoise on sponge cassette in vertical position Vertical beam fasten tortoise to cassette and position animal in vertical position
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Positioning-Reptiles Chelonians Craniocaudal Horizontal beam tortoise on sponge cassette placed vertically and behind tortoise Vertical fasten tortoise to cassette
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Avian Radiographic Anatomy Respiratory System Trachea Syrinx Lungs Air Sacs Interclavicular, thoracic, and abdominal air sacs
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Avian Radiographic Anatomy Cardiovascular System Heart right-sided aortic arch ascending aorta pulmonary arteries caudal vena cava
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Avian Radiographic Anatomy Gastrointestinal tract Crop Esophagus Proventriculus Ventriculus Small intestine duodenum Cloaca
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Avian Radiographic Anatomy Viscera Liver “hour-glass” Spleen Kidneys Gonads obvious during breeding periods
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Avian Radiographic Anatomy Skeletal Clavicles Coracoids Appendages Normal anatomy
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Avian Radiographs Contrast radiographs deliver suspension into crop Iohexal (25-30 mg/kg) 2x as fast as barium every 15 minutes radiograph over 2-3 hour period
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Radiographic Abnormalities
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Radiographic Abnormalities
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Radiographic Abnormalities
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Radiographic Abnormalities
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Radiographic Abnormalities
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Chelonian Radiographic Anatomy
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Chelonian Radiographic Anatomy
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Chelonian Radiographic Anatomy
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Radiographic Abnormalities
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Radiographic Abnormalities
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Radiographic Abnormalities
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Radiographic Abnormalities
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Radiographic Abnormalities
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Radiographic Abnormalities
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Radiographic Abnormalities
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Radiographic Anatomy
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Radiographic Anatomy
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Radiographic Anatomy
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Radiographic Anatomy
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Mammal Radiographic Anatomy Heart Point of elbow Mustelids Caudal to elbow Globoid Gastrointestinal tract Splenomegaly Kidneys 2 lumbar vertebrae adrenal glands Urinary system Barium: 15 ml/kg, 20% solution
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Radiographic Abnormality
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Radiographic Abnormality
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Radiographic Abnormality
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Rodent and Rabbit Radiographic Anatomy Teeth Tympanic bullae Respiratory tract reduced size Gastrointestinal tract prominent cecum Urogenital system Skeleton
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Ultrasonography Value? Anatomic size Location Architecture Organs Heart Liver Reproductive Bladders Kidneys GI Post-radiographs Overall sensitivity?
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Ultrasound
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Pre-follicular
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Endoscopy Diagnostic imaging? Additional benefits beyond imaging Biopsies More invasive General anesthesia
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Endoscopy Rigid endoscopes Sizes Procedures Coelioscopy Cloacoscopy Upper respiratory Oral Aural
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Endoscopic sexing
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Endoscopic sexing
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Endoscopy Flexible endoscopes Sizes: variable Respiratory tract Gastrointestinal tract Upper Foreign body removal Biopsies Lower Cloacoscopy Examine dystocia Cystoscopy
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