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Coagulation Made Easy PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical PowerPoint presentation titled "Coagulation made easy” by Alice Ma, MD.

This medical PowerPoint presentation is about coagulation, also known as clotting. Coagulation is a process that occurs in the body when there is injury or damage to a blood vessel. The purpose of coagulation is to prevent excessive bleeding and promote wound healing.

The process of coagulation involves a complex series of events, including the activation of various blood components and the formation of a blood clot. Platelets, which are small cell fragments in the blood, play a key role in coagulation by clumping together to form a plug at the site of injury.

In addition to platelets, the coagulation process involves the activation of various proteins in the blood, known as clotting factors. These factors interact with each other in a cascade of reactions that ultimately leads to the formation of a fibrin clot, which helps to stabilize the platelet plug and prevent further bleeding.

While coagulation is essential for wound healing and preventing excessive bleeding, it can also be problematic if it occurs inappropriately or excessively. Conditions such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) involve the formation of blood clots inappropriately, which can be life-threatening if not treated promptly.

Tags : coagulation, clotting, blood vessel, vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, Hematology, Hematology PowerPoint presentation

Published on : May 29, 2023 | Views : 2767 | Downloads : 4

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Slide 1-

Coag Made Easy Alice Ma, M.D. University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill Division of Hematology
Slide 2-

Disclosures Nothing to disclose
Slide 3-

Coagulation made easy The PTT Pathway The PT Pathway Rather than thinking about the intrinsic and the extrinsic pathways, think about the PTT and the PT pathwways
Slide 4-

Coagulation made easy X The PTT Pathway The PT Pathway The PT and the PTT pathway meet at factor X, because “X” marks the spot
Slide 5-

Coagulation made easy V X The PTT Pathway The PT Pathway Factor V is a cofactor for factor X, and you can remember this because V fits into the notch of the X
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Coagulation made easy V X Prothrombin Thrombin The PTT Pathway The PT Pathway Factor Xa converts prothrombin (Factor II) into thrombin, the most important enzyme on the planet
Slide 7-

Coagulation made easy V X Prothrombin Thrombin Fibrinogen Fibrin The PTT Pathway The PT Pathway Thrombin, among other things, converts the soluble molecule fibrinogen into a solid fibrin clot
Slide 8-

The Common Pathway = Small Bills V + X II = prothrombin I = fibrinogen You can remember the factors in the common pathway by remembering the bills in your wallet smaller than a $20. Don’t forget the $2 bill !!
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Coagulation made easy - the PT Prothrombin Thrombin Fibrinogen Fibrin 7 V X The PT Pathway PT has one less letter than PTT, and PT values are shorter than PTT values, because the pathway is shorter. It means that the PT pathway is also shorter. This means that there’s fewer steps to remember, and this is lucky, so the lucky PT pathway uses lucky factor 7 to activate factor X
Slide 10-

Coagulation made easy - the aPTT Prothrombin Thrombin Fibrinogen Fibrin V X XII XI IX VIII The PTT pathway has all those hideous roman numerals. . . How are we going to remember them? Hmmmmm. . . . . . . The PTT Pathway
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Coagulation made easy - the aPTT Prothrombin Thrombin Fibrinogen Fibrin T N E T V X E The PTT Pathway Well, just remember that the PTT is a basic TENET of hematology. TENET stands for. . . . . .
Slide 12-

Coagulation made easy - the aPTT Prothrombin Thrombin Fibrinogen Fibrin Twelve Nine Eight Ten V X Eleven The PTT Pathway
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Coag Made Easy: PT and PTT both Prolonged V X Prothrombin (II) Fibrinogen The PTT Pathway The PT Pathway These factors are in the common pathway
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Coag Made Easy: Only PT Prolonged 7 Deficiency of Factor VII will prolong the PT but not the PTT
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Coag Made Easy: Only PTT Prolonged Twelve Nine Eight Ten Eleven Deficiencies of Factors 12, 11, 9 and 8 will prolong the PTT and not the PT. Remember that factor 10 is in the common pathway, and affects BOTH the PT and the PTT
Slide 16-

Deficiencies of factor XI, IX, VIII, VII. X, V, prothrombin and fibrinogen are clinically significant. Inhibitors of these factors are clinically significant for bleeding. Deficiency of Factor XII, and the presence of the lupus anticoagulant are not. XII XI IX X VIII VII Thrombin V Fibrinogen Fibrin What matters clinically
Slide 17-

Coagulation Made Easy- The Mixing Study Useful to differentiate etiologies of prolonged clotting in a coagulation assay. Patient’s plasma is mixed 50:50 with normal plasma. Coagulation assay is repeated. If “substantial” correction is noted after mix, suspect clotting factor deficiency. ‘cause you replaced deficient factors in the patient plasma with normal factors from the normal plasma If no or not full correction seen, suspect inhibitor. ‘cause you added the inhibitor (think of this as an anticoagulant) in the patient plasma which inhibits clotting in the normal plasma