Download Free Medical Circulation: The Heart and Blood Vessels PowerPoint Presentation

Circulation: The Heart and Blood Vessels PowerPoint Presentation

DOWNLOAD MEDICAL POWERPOINT PRESENTATION

About This Presentation

Description : Check out this medical presentation on Cardiac Arrest, which is titled "Circulation: The Heart and Blood Vessels", to know about sudden cardiac arrest treatment (Cardiopulmonary resuscitation - CPR and Automated external defibrillator - AED).

Tags : Cardiac Arrest, Circulation, Heart, Blood Vessels, cardiac arrest treatment, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, CPR, Automated external defibrillator, AED

Published on : Jun 02, 2021 | Views : 2110 | Downloads : 9

Shareable Url :

Embed Code :

Comment

Transcript

Slide 1-

Circulation: The Heart and Blood Vessels
Slide 2-

Be Not Still, My Beating Heart! Heart: most durable muscle Sudden cardiac arrest treatment: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) Automated external defibrillator (AED)
Slide 3-

7.1 The Cardiovascular System: Moving Blood through the Body Focus: The cardiovascular system is built to rapidly transport blood to every living cell in the body.
Slide 4-

The Heart and Blood Vessels Make up the Cardiovascular System Cardiovascular system Heart – main pumping organ Blood vessels types: Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Capillary beds Venules Veins
Slide 5-

The Heart and Blood Vessels Make Up the Cardiovascular System
Slide 6-

Animation: Major human blood vessels
Slide 7-

The Cardiovascular System Helps Maintain Favorable Operating Conditions Last week
Slide 8-

Blood Circulation Is Essential to Maintain Homeostasis Major role in homeostasis brings oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells removes waste products from cells and excess heat
Slide 9-

The Cardiovascular System Is Linked to the Lymphatic System Lymphatic system: Pick up excess extracellular fluid and usable substances Return them to the cardiovascular system
Slide 10-

7.2 The Heart: A Double Pump Focus: In a lifetime of 70 years, the human heart beats some 2.5 billion times. This durable pump is the centerpiece of the cardiovascular system.
Slide 11-

The Heart Located in the center of your chest Composed of myocardium Cardiac muscular middle layer Protected by the pericardium Outermost layer Smooth lining of endocardium Inner layer
Slide 12-

The Heart Is Divided into Right and Left Halves KNOW THIS DIAGRAM!
Slide 13-

Animation: The human heart
Slide 14-

The Heart Has Two Halves and Four Chambers Septum: thick wall divides heart in half Chambers of the heart: Left and Right Atrium Left and Right Ventricle Valves: Atrioventricular: Tricuspid (right side) and bicuspid (left side) Semilunar Coronary arteries: branch off of the aorta Delivers blood & oxygen to the heart
Slide 15-

The Heart Is Divided into Right and Left Halves
Slide 16-

The Heart Itself Is Served by Coronary Arteries and Veins
Slide 17-

In a Heartbeat, the Heart’s Chambers Contract, Then Relax Heartbeat: one cycle of contraction and relaxation of the heart chambers Cardiac cycle Systole: contraction Diastole: period of time when the heart fills with blood after systole Relaxation “Lub-dup” sound Cardiac output Every 60 seconds ~5 liters/ventricle
Slide 18-

The Heart Beats in a Sequence Called the Cardiac Cycle
Slide 19-

Animation: Cardiac cycle
Slide 20-

7.3 The Two Circuits of Blood Flow Focus: Each half of the heart pumps blood. The two side-by-side pumps are the basis of two cardiovascular circuits through the body, each with its own set of arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins.
Slide 21-

In the Pulmonary Circuit, Blood Picks Up Oxygen in the Lungs Pulmonary Circuit: Carries oxygen-depleted blood away from the heart, to the lungs, and returns oxygenated blood back to the heart. Lungs and heart only Pulmonary arteries: deoxygenated blood to lungs Pulmonary veins: oxygenated blood to heart
Slide 22-

Each Half of the Heart Pumps Blood in a Different Circuit
Slide 23-

In the Systemic Circuit, Blood Travels to and from Tissues Systemic circuit Oxygenated blood pumped by left side of heart moves through body and returns to left atrium Heart and the rest of the body Aorta Main vessel out of the left ventricle Major arteries branch off this Superior vena cava Main route of blood from head to heart Inferior vena cava Major route of blood from lower body to heart
Slide 24-

Each Half of the Heart Pumps Blood in a Different Circuit
Slide 25-

Animation: Human blood circulation
Slide 26-

Blood from the Digestive Tract Detours to the Liver for Filtration.
Slide 27-

7.4 How Cardiac Muscle Contracts Focus: Unlike skeletal muscle, which contracts only when orders arrive from the nervous system, cardiac muscle contracts—and the heart beats– spontaneously.
Slide 28-

Electrical Signals from “Pacemaker” Cells Drive the Heart’s Contractions Cardiac muscle have: Intercalated discs: communication junctions between cardiac muscle cells Ensures rapid electrical conduction through heart Cardiac conduction system: independent of the nervous system Sinoatrial (SA) node: cardiac pacemaker Atrioventricular (AV) node:
Slide 29-

Intercalated Discs Form Communication Junctions between Cardiac Muscle Cells
Slide 30-

The Cardiac Conduction System
Slide 31-

Animation: Cardiac conduction
Slide 32-

7.5 Blood Pressure Focus: Heart contractions generate blood pressure, which changes as blood moves through the cardiovascular system.
Slide 33-

Blood Exerts Pressure against the Walls of Blood Vessels Blood pressure: fluid pressure that blood exerts against vessel walls Systolic (ventricular contraction) and diastolic pressure (ventricular relaxation): Normal: 120/80 Hypertension Chronically elevated blood pressure Hypotension Abnormally low blood pressure
Slide 34-

Animation: Measuring blood pressure
Slide 35-

Cholesterol types High Density Lipoproteins (HDL) remove cholesterol from within arteries transport it back to the liver for excretion or re-utilization they are seen as "good" lipoproteins Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL) carry cholesterol in the blood and around the body, for use by cells commonly referred to as "bad cholesterol" due to the link between high LDL levels and cardiovascular disease
Slide 36-

Blood Pressure Values (mm of Hg)
Slide 37-

A Variety of Factors May Cause Hypertension Is this you?
Slide 38-

7.6 Structure and Functions of Blood Vessels Focus: As with all body parts, structure is key to the functions of blood vessels. All our vessels transport blood, but there are important differences in how different kinds manage blood flow and blood pressure.
Slide 39-

Arteries Are Large Blood Pipelines Outer layer: Mainly collagen Middle layer: Smooth muscle and elastin Innermost layer: Thin sheet of endothelium Carries oxygenated blood away from heart
Slide 40-

Blood Pressure Changes as Blood Flows through the Cardiovascular System Take pulse from arteries because of the strong pressure
Slide 41-

Arterioles Are Control Points for Blood Flow Wall built of smooth muscle rings over elastic tissue Dilates when smooth muscle relaxes Constricts when smooth muscle contracts Offer more resistance to blood flow than other vessels do
Slide 42-

Capillaries Are Specialized for Diffusion Thinnest wall of any blood vessel! Single layer of flat endothelium Site of diffusion of gases, nutrients, and wastes Extensive! 62,000 miles long Blood pressure drops slowly as blood flows through
Slide 43-

Venules and Veins Return Blood to the Heart Venules Function somewhat like capillaries Veins Large diameters and low-resistance transport of blood back to the heart Outer layer of connective tissue Middle layer of smooth muscle and elastic fibers Inner layer of endothelium Valves prevent backflow of blood varicose veins: valves don’t function properly
Slide 44-

ppt slide no 44 content not found
Slide 45-

Contracting Skeletal Muscles Can Increase Fluid Pressure in a Vein
Slide 46-

Animation: Vein function
Slide 47-

Animation: Vessel anatomy
Slide 48-

ppt slide no 48 content not found
Slide 49-

Vessels Help Control Blood Pressure Medulla Monitors resting blood pressure Vasodilation Vasoconstriction Baroreceptor reflex Keeps blood pressure within normal limits in the face of sudden changes Baroreceptors found in the carotid arteries in the neck and in the arch of the aorta
Slide 50-

7.7 Capillaries: Where Blood Exchanges Substances with Tissues Focus: Blood enters the systemic circulation moving swiftly in the aorta, but this speed has to slow in order for substances to move into and out of the bloodstream.
Slide 51-

A Vast Network of Capillaries Brings Blood Close to Nearly All Body Cells 40 billion capillaries Every cell is a diffusible distance away from a capillary Blood flow is slowest in the capillaries
Slide 52-

Many Substances Enter and Leave Capillaries by Diffusion Diffusion of fluids and solutes across the porous capillary walls Blood flows through the capillaries very slowly to allow this exchange
Slide 53-

Some of the Substances Pass through Pores in Capillary Walls Fluid movement in capillaries: Bulk flow Role of lymphatic vessels Captures excess fluid from circulatory system Help maintain blood pressure
Slide 54-

Animation: Capillary forces
Slide 55-

Blood in Capillaries Flows Onward to Venules Capillaries branch into capillary beds Precapillary sphincter Ring of smooth muscle Regulates the flow of blood into the capillary
Slide 56-

7.8 Cardiovascular Disease
Slide 57-

Major Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease
Slide 58-

Arteries Can Clog or Weaken Atherosclerosis fatty material collects along the walls of arteries. This fatty material thickens, hardens (forms calcium deposits), and may eventually block the arteries. All adults should keep their LDL ("bad") cholesterol levels below 130-160 mg/dL.
Slide 59-

Plaques and Blood Clots May Clog Arteries Risk factors for atherosclerosis include: Diabetes Heavy alcohol use High blood pressure High blood cholesterol levels High-fat diet Increasing age Obesity Personal or family history of heart disease Smoking
Slide 60-

Arteries Can Clog or Weaken Coronary arteries Narrow and vulnerable to clogging by plaques Angina pectoris medical term for chest pain or discomfort due to coronary heart disease “Plaque-busting” drugs: statins Ways to repair coronary blockage: Coronary bypass Laser angioplasty Balloon angioplasty Aneurysm
Slide 61-

ppt slide no 61 content not found
Slide 62-

Heart Damage Can Lead to Heart Attack and Heart Failure Heart attack Damage or death to cardiac muscle Warning signs: Chest discomfort Discomfort in other areas of the upper body Shortness of breath cold sweat, nausea, or light-headedness Risk factors Heart Failure Weak heart and ineffective pump
Slide 63-

Arrhythmias Are Abnormal Heart Rhythms Electrocardiogram (ECG) Recording of the electrical activity of the cardiac cycle Arrhythmias: irregular heart rhythms Bradycardia: slower than normal heart rate Tachycardia: faster than normal heart rate Ventricular fibrillation: rapid, erratic electrical impulses
Slide 64-

Animation: Examples of ECGs
Slide 65-

7.9 Infections, Cancer, and Heart Defects Focus: Infections may seriously damage the heart.
Slide 66-

Myocarditis: is an inflammation of the myocardium, the middle layer of the heart wall various causes Bacterial Alcohol abuse Drug abuse
Slide 67-

Heart Damage May Be a Complication of Lyme Disease
Slide 68-

Is There Such a Thing as Heart Cancer? Rarely the first site for cancer Can be a secondary site Chemotherapy and/or radiation can damage the heart and blood vessels
Slide 69-

Inborn Heart Defects Are Fairly Common “Blue babies” Heart does not pump blood efficiently How is the problem corrected?