Download Free Medical Cardiomyopathies PowerPoint Presentation

Cardiomyopathies PowerPoint Presentation

DOWNLOAD MEDICAL POWERPOINT PRESENTATION

About This Presentation

Description : Check out this medical presentation on Cardiomyopathy, which is titled "Cardiomyopathies", to know about cardiomyopathies, diseases with abnormal myocardial structure or function in the absence of ischemic insult or loading conditions capable of causing such disorder (CAD, hypertension, valvular disease, congenital heart disease).

Tags : Cardiomyopathy, Cardiomyopathies, abnormal myocardial structure, function, ischemic insult, CAD, hypertension, valvular disease, congenital heart disease

Published on : Jul 01, 2021 | Views : 4356 | Downloads : 8

Shareable Url :

Embed Code :

Comment

Transcript

Slide 1-

Cardiomyopathies Pavol Tomašov
Slide 2-

Definition European Society of Cardiology (ESC): Diseases with abnormal myocardial structure or function in the absence of ischemic insult or loading conditions capable of causing such disorder (CAD, hypertension, valvular disease, congenital heart disease).
Slide 3-

Classification
Slide 4-

Left ventricular non-compaction Restrictive cardiomyopathy Normal heart DCM HCM ARVC
Slide 5-

ACC/AHA classification
Slide 6-

Pathophysiology Mutation Exogenous insult Contraction and relaxation disorder Ineffective energy utilization Altered Ca ions handling Activation of compensatory neurohumoral mechanisms Apoptosis Fibrosis Hypertrophy Heart failure Arrhythmia, sudden death Thromboembolic complication
Slide 7-

Therapy Sudden death prevention Primary Secondary Heart failure therapy Symptomatic Life prolonging Prevention of thromboembolic complications Exogenous insult prevention
Slide 8-

Genetics Some cardiomyopathies are monogenic disorders Primary genetic – HCM, ARVC, LVNC Mixed etiology – DCM (20-40 %), RCM (rare) Great variability of genotype and phenotype Hundreds and thousands of mutations Many genes Various types of inheritence Different phenotypes in identical mutations
Slide 9-

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Increased left ventricular thickness and/or mass in the absence of loading conditions capable of causing such extent of hypertrophy (hypertension, valvular disease, congenital heart disease).
Slide 10-

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Most common monogenic disorder of the heart with a prevalance of 1:500 Mutations in sarcomeric genes (20 genes, 2000 mutations) β myosin heavy chain Myosin binding protein C Metabolic disorders (Fabry disease)
Slide 11-

Pathology
Slide 12-

ppt slide no 12 content not found
Slide 13-

ppt slide no 13 content not found
Slide 14-

ppt slide no 14 content not found
Slide 15-

ppt slide no 15 content not found
Slide 16-

ppt slide no 16 content not found
Slide 17-

ppt slide no 17 content not found
Slide 18-

Ventricular obstruction Pressure gradient due to intracavitary obstruction during systole Left ventricular outflow tract – anterior mitral leaflet and hypertrophic interventricular septum. Midventricular – papillary muscles Right ventricular obstruction
Slide 19-

Symptoms Majority of patients are asymptomatic Dyspnoe Chest pain Palpitation Syncope Symptoms of stroke Sudden death
Slide 20-

Work up ECG ECHO MRI Stress test Ambulatory ECG monitoring Selective coronary angiography
Slide 21-

Therapy Sudden death prevention Based on the presence of risk factors Heart failure therapy Septal reduction therapy (for ventricular obstruction) Prevention of thromboembolic complications of atrial fibrillation
Slide 22-

Drug therapy Obstruction Betablockers Verapamil Heart failure Betablockers Diuretics ACE inhibitors, sartans (systolic dysfunction) Aldosterone receptors blockers (systolic dysfunction)
Slide 23-

Septal reduction therapy Surgical myectomy Alcohol septal ablation
Slide 24-

ppt slide no 24 content not found
Slide 25-

ppt slide no 25 content not found
Slide 26-

ppt slide no 26 content not found
Slide 27-

Dilated cardiomyopathy Dilated left ventricle with systolic dysfunction in the absence of coronary ischemia or loading conditions capable of causing such dysfunction (CAD, hypertension, valvular disease, congenital heart disease).
Slide 28-

Dilated cardiomyopathy Prevalence app. 1:2500 Mixed etiology Familial DCM – sarcomeric, cytoskeletal , nuclear membrane genes Toxic Inflammatory Peripartal
Slide 29-

Pathology
Slide 30-

ppt slide no 30 content not found
Slide 31-

ppt slide no 31 content not found
Slide 32-

Outcomes Heart failure Arrhytmias Sudden death
Slide 33-

Work up ECG ECHO Selective coronary angiography MRI Endomyocardial biopsy
Slide 34-

ppt slide no 34 content not found
Slide 35-

ppt slide no 35 content not found
Slide 36-

ppt slide no 36 content not found
Slide 37-

ppt slide no 37 content not found
Slide 38-

Therapy Sudden death prevention Based on symptoms and severe systolic dysfunction Heart failure therapy Drug therapy Mechanical assist devices Heart transplant Prevention of thromboembolic complications of atrial fibrillation
Slide 39-

Arrhytmogenic cardiomyopathy Prevalence app. 1:2000 – 1:5000 Primary genetic disease Desmosomal protein genes Replacement of myocardium by adipose and fibrous tissue
Slide 40-

Outcomes Heart failure (of both ventricles) Arrhytmias Sudden death
Slide 41-

Work up ECG MRI ECHO Endomyocardial biopsy
Slide 42-

ppt slide no 42 content not found
Slide 43-

ppt slide no 43 content not found
Slide 44-

Therapy Sudden death prevention Heart failure therapy Treatment of ventricular tachycardias
Slide 45-

Left ventricular non-compaction Rare Primary genetic disease Sarcomeric and mitochondrial genes Non-compacted myocardium, especially in the apical part of the left ventricle
Slide 46-

ppt slide no 46 content not found
Slide 47-

Restrictive cardiomyopathy Rare Mixed etiology Sarcomeric genes Restrictive physiology of diastolic filling Non-dilated ventricles, dilated atria
Slide 48-

Cardiac amyloidosis
Slide 49-

Work-up ECG MRI ECHO Laboratory diagnosis of amyloid protein – free light chains, paraprotein Endomyocardial biopsy Scintigraphy – tnasthyretin amyloidosis
Slide 50-

ppt slide no 50 content not found
Slide 51-

ppt slide no 51 content not found
Slide 52-

ppt slide no 52 content not found
Slide 53-

ppt slide no 53 content not found
Slide 54-

Therapy Heart failure therapy (including heart transplant) Liver transplant Hematology Specific therapy against amyloid protein
Slide 55-

Case report Woman, 75 years Comes to ED for new-onset chest pain and weakness History: hyperthyreosis Drugs: Thyrozol Family history: no cardiovascular diseases Physical: BP 105/70, HR 92/min, RR 20 breaths/min, sat O2 94%
Slide 56-

ppt slide no 56 content not found
Slide 57-

ECHO – anterior wall akinesis, LV EF 35%, mild mitral regurgitation, no dilation of right-sided chambers, no pericardial effusion
Slide 58-

ppt slide no 58 content not found
Slide 59-

ppt slide no 59 content not found
Slide 60-

ppt slide no 60 content not found
Slide 61-

Tako-tsubo