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Bone Mineral Disorder-Calcium Vitamin D and Phosphorus PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical PowerPoint presentation titled "Bone Mineral Disorder-Calcium, Vitamin D and Phosphorus”.

This medical PowerPoint presentation is about Bone Mineral Disorder (BMD), a condition that affects the strength and mineralization of bones. Calcium, Vitamin D, and phosphorus are three essential nutrients that play a significant role in maintaining healthy bones and preventing BMD.

Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body, and it is essential for building and maintaining strong bones. Calcium intake is particularly important during childhood and adolescence when bones are still growing, but it is also important for adults to maintain bone health. Good dietary sources of calcium include dairy products, leafy green vegetables, and fortified foods such as breakfast cereals and orange juice.

Vitamin D is important for bone health because it helps the body absorb calcium. The body can make vitamin D when the skin is exposed to sunlight, but it can also be obtained from certain foods, such as fatty fish and fortified foods like milk and breakfast cereals. Vitamin D deficiency can lead to weakened bones, and it has been linked to an increased risk of falls and fractures in older adults.

Phosphorus is another mineral that is important for bone health. It works with calcium to form the mineral crystals that give bones their strength. Good dietary sources of phosphorus include meat, fish, poultry, dairy products, nuts, and legumes.

When BMD occurs, there is an imbalance in the levels of calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D in the body. This can lead to weakened bones, increased risk of fractures, and other complications. Treatment for BMD typically involves correcting any underlying nutritional deficiencies and, in some cases, medication to improve bone density.

In summary, maintaining adequate levels of calcium, vitamin D, and phosphorus is essential for maintaining healthy bones and preventing BMD. It is important to consume a well-balanced diet that includes sources of these nutrients, and to talk to a healthcare provider about any concerns regarding bone health.

Tags : Bone Mineral Disorder, Calcium, Vitamin D, Phosphorus, Nephrology, Nephrology PowerPoint presentation

Published on : Jun 07, 2023 | Views : 543 | Downloads : 0

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Slide 1-

This webinar will start shortly. The slides and the webinar recording will be available at www.dpcedcenter.org Next webinar: July 30,2020 J Bone Mineral Disorder: Calcium, Vitamin D and Phosphorus
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Today’s Presenter Registered Dietitian for over 6 years Board Certified Specialist Renal Dietitian + 4 years of experience in dialysis Patients with CKD 2x presenter at Annual Symposium of the National Association of Nephrology Technicians in Las Vegas, NV Advocate for patients access to dialysis in California (SB 341 and Prop 8)
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Objectives Learn relationship between kidney disease and your bones Review renal bone mineral disease Discuss how diet impacts renal bone mineral disorder Foods to avoid How to improve your diet to help slow down progression of this disorder
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Introduction CKD affects ~15% of the United States population 1 in 7 American adults have CKD Leading causes: uncontrolled diabetes and hypertension CKD Kidney damage that last > 3 months Reduction in kidney function Structural or functional abnormalities must be present Stage classified based on residual kidney function
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Functions of the Kidney Excretion Remove excess of fluid and waste products (urea, vitamins, minerals) Acid-balance of the blood: Maintaining blood and urine pH. Endocrine Calcitriol: active form of Vitamin D3, which helps with calcium absorption Erythropoietin: increases production of red bloods cells
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Endocrine function the kidneys Hormonal function Feedback method. Activation of Vitamin D promotes the absorption of dietary Calcium in the gut. Small changes in the calcium blood levels stimulate a hormone called Parathyroid hormone (PTH). Helps to release calcium from bone into the blood Activate Vitamin D, which stimulates absorption of the calcium from the intestines Reduces renal absorption of phosphorus and increases excretion of phosphorus
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Renal Bone Mineral Disease
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Renal Bone Mineral Disease Early Stage 2 CKD Decrease of the Vitamin D activation by the kidneys PTH levels increase Calcium and phosphorus levels usually do not change at this point
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Endocrine function the kidneys
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Renal Bone Mineral Disease Late stage 3 CKD Vitamin D levels drop below normal range and PTH levels are slightly increased Parathyroid glands overgrow and this results in overproduction of PTH Secondary Hyperthyroidism Leads to loss of bone density and mineral loss from bone. Symptoms: Pain Stiffness in joint Higher risk of fracture Spontaneous tendon rapture PTH Vit. D
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Long-term implications: Calciphylaxis Vascular and soft tissue calcifications Increased morbidity and mortality Image courtesy of the Journal Association of Chest Physicians Image courtesy of woundeducator.com
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What causes Bone Mineral Disorder? Abnormal calcium and phosphorus metabolism Vitamin D deficiency Secondary Hyperthyroidism (SHTP)
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Types of Renal bone disease 1. High-turn over Caused by SHTP Increase bone formation and resorption rates High PTH levels Metabolic Acidosis Hyperphosphatemia Factors that lead to excessive PTH secretion: Altered Vitamin D metabolism Hypocalcemia Phosphorus retention *** Skeletal resistance to PTH Reduced degradation of PTH Metabolic acidosis
Slide 14-

Types of Renal bone disease 2. Mixed-uremic bone disease Combination of high turnover bone disease and osteomalacia High and low remodeling activities, defective mineralization with or without increased bone formation. Lower formation and mineralization rate as compared with high turnover disease. Factors: Increased PTH activity, metabolic acidosis Calcium and calcitriol deficiency Aluminum toxicity Skeletal resistance to Vitamin D and PTH Hyperphosphatemia.
Slide 15-

Types of Renal bone disease 3. Low-turn over Osteomalacia: Low rates of bone turnover. Common causes: aluminum toxicity and other heavy metals. Also associated with Vitamin D deficiency, hypophosphatemia, hypocalcemia, and severe acidosis. Adynamic Bone disease: Low bone activity, decreased bone formation and resorption (brake down). Common cause: over suppression of PTH by the use of calcium, active vitamin D, and vitamin D analogue.
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What can I do to prevent bone mineral disorder? Treatment and Prevention
Slide 17-

Role of phosphorus Hyperphosphatemia Greatest risk factor. Every 1 mg/dL increase in phosphorus, there is a 10-62% increase in mortality risk. Higher phosphorus levels and faster decline in renal function. Factors associated with calcification Higher phosphorus levels Higher calcium x phosphorus product Use of high doses of calcium-containing binders
Slide 18-

Phosphorus control Primary therapy in the treatment and prevention of SHTP is the controlling phosphorus levels. Dietary management and use of phosphorus binders. Eliminate foods that contain the highest amount of phosphorus without while meeting protein needs.
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Dietary phosphorus Phosphorus Absorption Organic 40-60% Phosphorus from plants <50% Inorganic Processed foods 90% Preservatives/phosphorus additives Enhanced meats, beverages, baked products Cook methods also affect phosphorus availability
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Dietary phosphorus Phosphoric acid Sodium phosphate Dicalcium phosphate Monosodium phosphate Tricalcium phosphate
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Phosphorus binders Effective therapy to control phosphorus levels Take with every meal as it helps to decrease absorption of dietary phosphorus Does not help with phosphorus released from the bone ** Types of binders Calcium based binders Resin Lanthanum Sevelamer Iron-based binders
Slide 23-

Vitamin D Deficiency is common, highly common in CKD patients Decline in production of active Vitamin D Difficult to maintain adequate serum calcium levels Less suppression of PTH levels by active Vitamin D Leads to SHTP with decreased bone turnover and risk for metabolic disease
Slide 24-

Questions Please use the Chat Box
Slide 25-

Thank You for Attending Today! Please complete the Feedback Form Join us on July 30th for our next webinar on Transplants!