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Anesthesiology Intensive Care Medicine and Resuscitation PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical PowerPoint presentation titled "Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Resuscitation" by Roman Zahorec, MD.

This medical PowerPoint presentation talks about anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine, and Resuscitation. Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine, and Resuscitation are medical specialties that are closely related and often work together to manage critically ill or injured patients.

Anesthesiology is the medical specialty that deals with the management of pain and anesthesia during surgery or other medical procedures. Anesthesiologists are responsible for administering anesthesia, monitoring the patients vital signs during surgery, and managing any complications that may arise during the procedure.

Intensive Care Medicine is the medical specialty that focuses on the management of critically ill patients who require close monitoring and support for their organ function. Intensive care physicians are responsible for managing patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) and providing treatments such as mechanical ventilation, hemodynamic support, and renal replacement therapy.

Resuscitation is the medical specialty that deals with the management of patients who are in cardiac arrest or other life-threatening situations. Resuscitation involves the use of advanced life support techniques to restore circulation and breathing, such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), defibrillation, and medication administration.

Tags : Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine, Resuscitation, management of pain, anesthesia during surgery, Anesthesiology

Published on : Mar 16, 2023 | Views : 1095 | Downloads : 0

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Slide 1-

Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Resuscitation Roman Zahorec , MD, assoc. Prof. Dpt. Anesthesiology and ICU St. Elizabeths Cancer Institute
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Dept. of Anesthesia and ICU Anesthesia in operating rooms and PACU Intensive Care Medicine – providing care about critically ill patients in ICU Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in-hospital including BLS, ACLS. Analgesia – acute pain managment , consulting invasive chronic pain managment www.fmed.uniba.sk
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Anaesthesia Controlled and reversible maintainance of unconsciousness , analgesia and muscle relaxation induced by drugs for safe surgery Requires the administration of special drugs – anesthetics , with beneficial effects on CNS – analgesia, anaesthesia, while minimizing side effects of surgery or toxicity. Anesthesia local - peripheral nerves anesthesia Anesthesia regional – spinal or epidural or perineur Anesthesia general – inhaled, i.ven, TIVA, balanced an.
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History of Modern Anaesthesia – 165 yrs anniv.
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Mask of Schimmelbush – Inhaled Aether Anaesthesia
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Old anaesthetic machine
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Anesthesiologic machineMonitoring in anaesthesia
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Intensive Care medicine Is that section of health care specifically organized for the managment of critically ill patients , who have sustained or are at risk of an acute life- threatening disorder (e.g. Acute failure of vital functions, acute / sudden organ dysfunction ). It involves : specialized facilities, intensive care units , trained staff providing appropriate care , intensive care specialist: Procedural skills, clinical skills, diagnostic skills.
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ICU – specialized units A three level classification of ICU / pts ICU – surgical, medical, traumatic, burns, coronary ICU, neonatal and pediatric ICU. DESIGN of ICU : large rooms, central station and monitors, ICU beds, illumination and air-condition, special equipments – infusion pumps, syringe pumps, medicinal gases and ventilators.
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Medical Education of Anaesthetist Knowledge - physiology, pathophysiology, clinical pharmacology , clinical anesthesia Clinical experiences – years of practice Skills – clinical practice, procedures Communication – with patients, with relatives, with colleagues , team work , together with attitudes, ethical and legislative background.
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ANAESTHESIA Local anaesthesia Regional anaesthesia – neuroaxial (spinal , epidural, caudal) and blocks of peripherals nerves plexus. General anaesthesia: i.v., inhaled, balanced anesthesia Combined anesthesia: general + regional anaesthesia.
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General Anaesthesia Inhaled anaesthesia - vapour anaesthetics (Halotha,n, Isofluran, Sevofluran, Defluran ) and gases ( N2O, Xe ) Intravenous anaesthesia – intravenous drugs, anaesthetics like opioids, propofol, thiopental, ketamine Balanced anaesthesia – clinical use of vapour / inhaled and intravenous anaesthetics together. Combined anaesthesia – combination of general and regional anaesthesia. Balanced anaesthesia together with
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Mechanism of general anaesthesia Decreased cerebral activity, decerebration – lower activity of RAF. Inter- neuron synapses / blocking transmission – general and/or inhaled anaesthetics. Thalamocortical loops and thalamospinal loops – central position of THALAMUS .. Receptor blocking – Blockade of specific brain and spinal neuron receptors : nAch R , DOPA R, GABA Receptors type A – benzodiazepins, IV anesth and inhaled an., NMDA, AMPA , Opioid Rcp – μ-R , κ-R – potent analgetics ( sufentanil, fentanyl, morphin ...)
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Mechanism of local anesthetics Inhibition of spreading action potential in nervous axons of spinal and peripheral neurons - blocking of sodium current I/Na – blocking sodium channels - LOCAL ANEST. and I/Ca2+ - blocking calcium channels Isomers of receptors and soluble proteins ... Stereoisomers of anaestetics (thiopental, ketamin, ) , stereoisomers of muscle relaxannts (atracurium, cis-atracurium)
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Lumbal epidural anesthesia
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Neuroaxial -Spinal anaesthesia
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General / regional Anaesthesia Loss of consciousness – controlled and reversible state of unconsciousness and immobility. Loss of pain – analgesia Loss of muscle tone – immobility , muscle relaxation Physiologic homeostasis – while maintaining cardiovascular stability, stability of vegetative nervous system and regulation, adequate exchange of blood gases, aerobic metabolism, thermoregulation – and minimizing effects of SURGICAL STRESS ... Perioperative medicine !
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Anesthesia – amnesia, hypnosis, sedation, analgesia, immobility, muscle relaxation, vegetative stability (circulation, thermoregulation) Anesthetic consultation before surgery Anesthetic visit – evaluation of the clinical status, anamnesis, comorbidity , clinical examination – CHOICE of ANESTHESIA Pre-premedication, /day before surgery/ Premedication (anxiolytics, hypnotics, analgetics) before anesthesia for smooth induction Diet , drug and fluid managment before G.A.
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Anaesthesia – G.A. procedure – 6 steps : 1. Anestethetic consultation 2. Premedication – 30- 45 - 60 minutes before G.A. 3. INTRODUCTION to G.A, and to R.A. 4. Maintenance of general Anaesthesia 5. End of general anaesthesia – finishing G.A. or weaning from G.A. - approx. 15-20 minutes before finishing surgery start to wean 6. Post- anesthetic care - PACU (1- 6 hrs ) – recovery from G.A. on Recovery rooms .
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Advantages and disadvantages of general anaesthesia