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Adrenal Gland Disorder PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical PowerPoint presentation titled "ADRENAL GLAND DISORDER" by DR. SHEETAL JAIN.

This medical PowerPoint presentation talks about the adrenal glands, two small glands located on top of the kidneys. They produce hormones that are essential for maintaining proper bodily functions such as regulating blood sugar levels, blood pressure, and the bodys response to stress.

There are several disorders that can affect the adrenal glands, including Addisons disease, Cushings syndrome, and Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH).

Tags : adrenal glands, blood sugar levels, blood pressure, Addisons disease, Cushings syndrome, Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, endocrinology, endocrinology PowerPoint presentation

Published on : Apr 18, 2023 | Views : 2983 | Downloads : 4

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ADRENAL GLAND DISORDER DR.SHEETAL JAIN
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ADRENAL GLAND
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ADRENAL GLAND
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HORMONES
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HORMONES
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CUSHING SYNDROME CAUSE Cushing syndrome is a rare disease that results from having too much cortisol hormone in the body. In some cases, Cushing syndrome develops from long-term or overuse of steroid medications(medicines that act like cortisol in the body). In other cases, the body itself produces too much cortisol. This overproduction can happen for several reasons, including the presence of tumors(abnormal growths) such as a: Tumor of the pituitary gland (this is called Cushing disease) Tumor of the adrenal gland (as explained above) Tumor in another part of the body (these are called "ectopic" tumors and are more commonly found in the pancreas, lung, or the thyroid gland)
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SYMPTOMS OF CUSHING SYNDROME Common symptoms of Cushing's syndrome (due to an adrenal, pituitary, or ectopic tumor) can include: Upper body obesity, round face and neck, and thinning arms and legs Skin problems, such as acne or reddish-blue streaks on the abdomen or underarm area High blood pressure Muscle and bone weakness Moodiness, irritability, or depression High blood sugars Slow growth rates in children Women may also have increased growth of hair on their face and body and experience menstrual irregularities. Men may become less fertile and have a reduced or absent sex drive.
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ADDISON DISEASE CAUSE This rare disorder develops when the adrenal glands do not make enough cortisol. In most cases of Addison's disease, the body also doesn't make enough of the hormone aldosterone. Addison's is an autoimmune disease—a condition in which the immune system, which is supposed to protect the body, mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues and cells. In the case of Addison's disease, this reaction results in damage to the adrenal glands.4 In the long term, this damage can get worse until eventually the adrenal glands aren't working at all.
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ADDISEON DISEASE Symptoms can vary, depending on what causes the disease. Symptoms typically include4,5: Weight loss Weakness Extreme fatigue Nausea and/or vomiting Low blood pressure Patches of darker skin Craving for salt Dizziness upon standing Depression
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FUNCTIONS OF ADRENAL
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Adrenal Gland Function One of the most well-known responses – the Fight or Flight Response is triggered by the release of stress hormones from the adrenal glands. The adrenal glands produce a variety of hormones. These hormones are very crucial for the normal functioning of the body. For instance, the glands secrete cortisol, which has anti-inflammatory properties and aids the immune system. The adrenal gland also helps to regulate metabolism and blood pressure through various other hormones.
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Adrenal Gland Hormones Epinephrine: Also called adrenaline, this hormone rapidly responds to stress by increasing the heart rate and raising blood glucose levels in the blood. Norepinephrine: Also called noradrenaline, this hormone works with epinephrine in reacting to stress. Its primary function is to mobilize the body and brain for action. Hydrocortisone: It is commonly known as cortisol or a steroid hormone. It is involved in regulating body functions like the conversion of fats, and carbohydrates to energy and also plays a vital role in other metabolic processes. Corticosterone: This hormone works with hydrocortisone to control the immune response and prevents inflammatory reactions.
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Adrenal Gland Disorders Adrenal Gland disorders appear when not enough hormones or inadequate hormones are produced by the adrenal glands. Even abnormal growths or tumours can cause certain illness. Cushing’s Syndrome is a condition where the cortisol levels in the body are very high. The cause can be a tumour in the adrenal gland or the pituitary gland. Adrenocortical carcinoma is a cancerous tumour that usually develops in the outer layer of the adrenal gland. This type of tumour is typically found years after they have spread to other organs in the body.
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Adrenal Gland Disorders Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) is a genetic disorder characterized by very low levels of cortisol production. The people inflicted with this condition may also have other hormonal imbalances where their bodies may make very little aldosterone, but too much androgen. Addison’s Disease is caused when adrenal glands produce insufficient cortisol or aldosterone. It results in weakness, fatigue, low blood pressure, nausea, etc. In 70% of cases, Addisone disease is caused due to autoimmune disorder, where the body mistakenly attacks the adrenal glands. As a result, the adrenal gland does not produce the hormone aldosterone in sufficient quantities.
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THANKS