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About Brain Tumors PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical PowerPoint presentation titled "Brain Tumors” by David A. Sun, M.D., PhD.

This medical PowerPoint presentation is about brain tumor, a mass or growth of abnormal cells in the brain. These cells can be cancerous (malignant) or non-cancerous (benign). Brain tumors can affect different parts of the brain and can interfere with normal brain functions such as movement, sensation, thought, and emotion. They can also cause headaches, seizures, nausea, and other symptoms.

There are many different types of brain tumors, and their treatment depends on several factors, including the type, location, size, and stage of the tumor. Treatment options may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or a combination of these.

Tags : Brain Tumors, brain tumor, Neurology, Neurology PowerPoint presentation

Published on : Jun 20, 2023 | Views : 876 | Downloads : 0

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Brain Tumors David A. Sun, M.D., Ph.D. Neurosurgery
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Disclosures I have no relevant personal financial relationships I do not intend to discuss off-label/investigational use of commercial products/devices
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Types of Tumors Primary brain tumors Brain tissue origin Secondary brain tumor Non-brain origin
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Secondary brain tumors Non-brain origin = Cancer metastasis Most common 25-45% of cancer patients Lung: >50% of all; most common in men Breast: Most common in women Melanoma: Highest propensity for brain 50% of melanoma patients develop brain mets; Multiple Renal Cell Colorectal Any primary can metastasize to the brain
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Primary brain tumors Meningioma (35%) Glioma (30%) Astrocytoma Glioblastoma Oligodendroglioma Oligoastrocytoma Ependymoma Pituitary Adenoma (13%) Within skull Beneath brain Skin Skull Meninges Brain Neuron Astrocyte Oligodendrocyte Ependyma
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Is this cancer?
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Is this cancer? Benign Slow growing Non-invasive Does not spread Less likely to recur Malignant Fast growing Aggressively invasive May spread distantly More likely to recur
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Is this cancer? Meningioma Glioma Benign Malignant
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Is this cancer? Meningioma Grade 1 2 3 92% 6% 2% Benign Malignant
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Is this cancer? Meningioma Grade 1 2 3 92% 6% 2% Glioma Grade 1 2 3 4 Benign Malignant
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Is this cancer? Meningioma Grade 1 2 3 92% 6% 2% Glioma Grade 1 2 3 4 Benign Malignant Pilocytic astroctyoma (surgically curable) Glioblastoma (15 month median survival)
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How do brain tumorscause problems? Mass effect Tumor pushes on normal brain Local invasion Tumors invade normal brain Microscopic Edema Swelling of normal brain
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Presentation Generalized symptoms and signs → Elevated intracranial pressure Headaches (50%) New or different Worsening over time Worse on awakening, them improve Other symptoms Seizures (30%) Cognitive change (30%) Personality change (25%) Nausea/vomiting (15%) Blurred vision/papilledema Lethargy
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Presentation Focal symptoms and signs → site specific to location
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Presentation Focal symptoms and signs → site specific to location; Personality Cognitition Expressive language Receptive language Incoordination Balance Vision Weakness Incoordination I thought I was having a stroke
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What are our options? Surveillance Serial MRI scans
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What are our options? Surveillance Serial MRI scans – Watch it
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What are our options? Surveillance Serial MRI scans Surgery Biopsy Diagnose the tumor Resection Diagnose the tumor Remove as much of tumor as possible
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What are our options? Surveillance Serial MRI scans Surgery Biopsy – Pick a few weeds out Diagnose the tumor Resection – Pull as many weeds as possible Diagnose the tumor Remove as much of tumor as possible
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Surgery
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Surgery
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Surgery Where is the tumor? What bone is in the way? What brain is involved? What does that brain do? What arteries/veins are involved?
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Surgery Where is the tumor? What bone is in the way? What brain is involved? What does that brain do? What arteries/veins are involved?
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Transnasal Trans- sphenoidal
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Primary motor cortex
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Primary motor cortex Awake Crani
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Biopsy
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Surgical tools - Microscope Improves visualization Increased light Increased magnification Improves surgeon comfort Adjust scope angle, instead of bending/twisting
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Surgical tools - Navigation GPS system for the OR Pre-plan surgical approach Confirm anatomic position Brings radiology data into the OR Functional MRI White mater tracks
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Surgical tools - Robotics Navigation systems with built in surgical assistant Pre-plan surgical approach Utilize the robot to align the instruments Minimally invasive Single stitch incision Maximizing precision
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Surgical tools – Laser Ablation Minimally invasive Single stitch incision Pass a probe into the tumor Reduced risk to normal brain Utilize heat to destroy tumor cells Pre-op 1 year post-op
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Radiation Therapy No clean margins Can never pull every single weed Whole brain radiation Multiple small doses to entire brain Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) High dose to a small area Limits exposure to normal brain SRS
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Team Approach Neuro-oncology Radiation oncology Behavioral oncology Neurosurgery Neuro-radiology Neuro-psychology Neuro-pathology Nurse Navigator Research Nurse PT/OT/SLP Support services Make the diagnosis Deliver individualized treatment Provide clinical trials Provide support for our patients and families Maximize quality of life
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Questions?